Report Tee Lopes built from the datasets alone

Yes. Tee Lopes has 63 songs and 2 videos listed in datasets used to train and test AI music models.

This page only knows about the videos the datasets list. To check every upload on the channel:

Used for training and testing 2

videos in AudioSet

A list of about a million ten-second YouTube clips, each labelled with the sounds in it, that Google published in 2017. Labs use it to train and test general audio and music models.

Including Tee Lopes - sonic 4 "Splash Hill act 1" Remix, Tee Lopes - Sonic orginal ''Funky Hill''

Used for training 63

songs in LAION-DISCO-12M under the artist name

A list of 12 million songs on YouTube Music, gathered by walking artist pages, that LAION published in 2024 for training general music models.

Including Built to Rule - Titanic Monarch Zone Act 1, Countdown to Continue, Flying Battery Zone Act 1

Listed under the artist name 63 songs in LAION-DISCO-12M

Tee Lopes 60 songs

Probable match by artist name. If this is not you, ignore this section. Artist page on YouTube Music.

Built to Rule - Titanic Monarch Zone Act 1

Listed as Tee Lopes – Built to Rule - Titanic Monarch Zone Act 1 (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video -JlQvB7E52o · row -JlQvB7E52o

LAION-DISCO-12M

Countdown to Continue

Listed as Tee Lopes – Countdown to Continue (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video 1mZijVRz9-4 · row 1mZijVRz9-4

LAION-DISCO-12M

Flying Battery Zone Act 1

Listed as Tee Lopes – Flying Battery Zone Act 1 (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video 27Nv6cweyhM · row 27Nv6cweyhM

LAION-DISCO-12M

Undefeated - Invincibility

Listed as Tee Lopes – Undefeated - Invincibility (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video 4Lh3itAVPpo · row 4Lh3itAVPpo

LAION-DISCO-12M

Comfort Zone - Main Menu

Listed as Tee Lopes – Comfort Zone - Main Menu (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video 4U-KJ9Q9QWE · row 4U-KJ9Q9QWE

LAION-DISCO-12M

Under Ground Zone (Throwback Remix)

Listed as Tee Lopes, Jun Senoue – Under Ground Zone (Throwback Remix) (Throwback Collection Vol.1) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video 4vgjD-6671E · row 4vgjD-6671E

LAION-DISCO-12M

Sand Road: Final Lap

Listed as SEGA, Tee Lopes – Sand Road: Final Lap (MAXIMUM OVERDRIVE - TEAM SONIC RACING ORIGINAL SOUNDTRACK) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video 5IdRsgchw08 · row 5IdRsgchw08

LAION-DISCO-12M

Blue Spheres

Listed as Tee Lopes – Blue Spheres (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video 7nx7gV0sdJk · row 7nx7gV0sdJk

LAION-DISCO-12M

Frappe Snowland

Listed as Tee Lopes, GameChops, Smooth McGroove – Frappe Snowland (Smooth McGroove Remixed 3) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video 8UXQKg70EZE · row 8UXQKg70EZE

LAION-DISCO-12M

Boo's House: Lap Music

Listed as SEGA, Tee Lopes, Jun Senoue – Boo's House: Lap Music (MAXIMUM OVERDRIVE - TEAM SONIC RACING ORIGINAL SOUNDTRACK) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video 9QBGeAMiVNs · row 9QBGeAMiVNs

LAION-DISCO-12M

Game Over

Listed as Tee Lopes – Game Over (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video B0xcyyoHBvs · row B0xcyyoHBvs

LAION-DISCO-12M

Under Ground Zone Re-Imagined (feat. Jun Senoue)

Listed as Tee Lopes – Under Ground Zone Re-Imagined (feat. Jun Senoue) (Rock 'N' Sonic The Hedgehog: Sessions!) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video Cjj7SSAcFy4 · row Cjj7SSAcFy4

LAION-DISCO-12M

Can You Feel The Sunshine? Re-Imagined (feat. Jun Senoue)

Listed as Tee Lopes – Can You Feel The Sunshine? Re-Imagined (feat. Jun Senoue) (Rock 'N' Sonic The Hedgehog: Sessions!) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video EUU8BgJqabI · row EUU8BgJqabI

LAION-DISCO-12M

The Blur - Speed Shoes

Listed as Tee Lopes – The Blur - Speed Shoes (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video EetFQ3JYBqQ · row EetFQ3JYBqQ

LAION-DISCO-12M

Havoc Prognosis - Eggman Boss 2

Listed as Tee Lopes – Havoc Prognosis - Eggman Boss 2 (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video GqSjx7xWuHk · row GqSjx7xWuHk

LAION-DISCO-12M

Sunshine Cassette - Save Select

Listed as Tee Lopes – Sunshine Cassette - Save Select (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video JBMzXoaAPUE · row JBMzXoaAPUE

LAION-DISCO-12M

Theme of Knuckles [Sonic Mania Adventures Special Remix]

Listed as SEGA, Tee Lopes, Jun Senoue – Theme of Knuckles [Sonic Mania Adventures Special Remix] (Non-Stop Music Selection Vol.1) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video JBYU4e4AMCA · row JBYU4e4AMCA

LAION-DISCO-12M

Lava Reef Zone Act 1

Listed as Tee Lopes – Lava Reef Zone Act 1 (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video MSu26QU2Uxs · row MSu26QU2Uxs

LAION-DISCO-12M

Glimmering Gift - Super Transformation

Listed as Tee Lopes – Glimmering Gift - Super Transformation (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video OIOSQvnO5g0 · row OIOSQvnO5g0

LAION-DISCO-12M

Lights, Camera, Action! - Studiopolis Zone Act 1

Listed as Tee Lopes – Lights, Camera, Action! - Studiopolis Zone Act 1 (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video PvuYSybooLg · row PvuYSybooLg

LAION-DISCO-12M

Prime Time - Studiopolis Zone Act 2

Listed as Tee Lopes – Prime Time - Studiopolis Zone Act 2 (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video SCgE-xNxqV0 · row SCgE-xNxqV0

LAION-DISCO-12M

The Winner! - Competition Results

Listed as Tee Lopes – The Winner! - Competition Results (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video Slrbdk2xdp4 · row Slrbdk2xdp4

LAION-DISCO-12M

Boo's House: Final Lap

Listed as SEGA, Tee Lopes, Jun Senoue – Boo's House: Final Lap (MAXIMUM OVERDRIVE - TEAM SONIC RACING ORIGINAL SOUNDTRACK) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video Wd6Km6yzTfY · row Wd6Km6yzTfY

LAION-DISCO-12M

Dimension Heist - UFO Special Stage

Listed as Tee Lopes – Dimension Heist - UFO Special Stage (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video X87Dc6AM7_8 · row X87Dc6AM7_8

LAION-DISCO-12M

Skyway Octane - Mirage Saloon Zone Act 1 ST Mix

Listed as Tee Lopes – Skyway Octane - Mirage Saloon Zone Act 1 ST Mix (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video X8Mzpb2RhNo · row X8Mzpb2RhNo

LAION-DISCO-12M

Blossom Haze - Press Garden Zone Act 2

Listed as Tee Lopes – Blossom Haze - Press Garden Zone Act 2 (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video XcrcpYt5WwY · row XcrcpYt5WwY

LAION-DISCO-12M

Stage Clear

Listed as Tee Lopes – Stage Clear (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video a1sWl3LrlEg · row a1sWl3LrlEg

LAION-DISCO-12M

Rise of the Icon - Sonic Mania Alternate Intro

Listed as Tee Lopes – Rise of the Icon - Sonic Mania Alternate Intro (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video aY8P-VlxZKI · row aY8P-VlxZKI

LAION-DISCO-12M

Hydro City Zone Act 1

Listed as Tee Lopes – Hydro City Zone Act 1 (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video acD0wC-nKzU · row acD0wC-nKzU

LAION-DISCO-12M

Ruby Illusions - Final Boss

Listed as Tee Lopes – Ruby Illusions - Final Boss (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video bproQ9SY-NU · row bproQ9SY-NU

LAION-DISCO-12M

Hydro City Zone Act 2

Listed as Tee Lopes – Hydro City Zone Act 2 (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video dj8GEabeYps · row dj8GEabeYps

LAION-DISCO-12M

Flying Battery Zone Act 2

Listed as Tee Lopes – Flying Battery Zone Act 2 (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video dwcvt1ipR5Y · row dwcvt1ipR5Y

LAION-DISCO-12M

Eggman Mean Bean

Listed as Tee Lopes – Eggman Mean Bean (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video fRUCSbALMdE · row fRUCSbALMdE

LAION-DISCO-12M

Guided Tour - Credits

Listed as Tee Lopes – Guided Tour - Credits (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video g6JkOv0nFpo · row g6JkOv0nFpo

LAION-DISCO-12M

Angel Island Zone (Sonic Mania Plus)

Listed as Tee Lopes – Angel Island Zone (Sonic Mania Plus) (Non-Stop Music Selection Vol.4) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video h-lUtnLKV1I · row h-lUtnLKV1I

LAION-DISCO-12M

Sand Road: Lap Music

Listed as SEGA, Tee Lopes, Jun Senoue – Sand Road: Lap Music (MAXIMUM OVERDRIVE - TEAM SONIC RACING ORIGINAL SOUNDTRACK) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video iac18gBtADc · row iac18gBtADc

LAION-DISCO-12M

Egg panicky - Egg Reverie Zone Pinch Mode (soundtest only)

Listed as Tee Lopes – Egg panicky - Egg Reverie Zone Pinch Mode (soundtest only) (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video jHnQtJBeO1s · row jHnQtJBeO1s

LAION-DISCO-12M

Tabloid Jargon - Press Garden Zone Act 1

Listed as Tee Lopes – Tabloid Jargon - Press Garden Zone Act 1 (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video jNRnFqWJQz0 · row jNRnFqWJQz0

LAION-DISCO-12M

Splash Hill Zone Medley (Throwback Remix)

Listed as Tee Lopes, Jun Senoue – Splash Hill Zone Medley (Throwback Remix) (Throwback Collection Vol.1) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video l9hUMMob0OM · row l9hUMMob0OM

LAION-DISCO-12M

Boo's House: Intro Fly-by

Listed as SEGA, Tee Lopes, Jun Senoue – Boo's House: Intro Fly-by (MAXIMUM OVERDRIVE - TEAM SONIC RACING ORIGINAL SOUNDTRACK) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video lBoY83cEv7A · row lBoY83cEv7A

LAION-DISCO-12M

Hi-Spec Robo Go! - Hard Boiled Heavy Boss

Listed as Tee Lopes – Hi-Spec Robo Go! - Hard Boiled Heavy Boss (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video mdujgzukZ-0 · row mdujgzukZ-0

LAION-DISCO-12M

1-Up

Listed as Tee Lopes – 1-Up (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video mxgnfJnCGbM · row mxgnfJnCGbM

LAION-DISCO-12M

Steel Cortex - Titanic Monarch Zone Act 2

Listed as Tee Lopes – Steel Cortex - Titanic Monarch Zone Act 2 (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video oEAIOWkiOWk · row oEAIOWkiOWk

LAION-DISCO-12M

Ruby Delusions - Eggman Boss 1

Listed as Tee Lopes – Ruby Delusions - Eggman Boss 1 (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video oYwAfF_SO4M · row oYwAfF_SO4M

LAION-DISCO-12M

Splash Hill Zone Medley (feat. Jun Senoue)

Listed as Tee Lopes – Splash Hill Zone Medley (feat. Jun Senoue) (Rock 'N' Sonic The Hedgehog: Sessions!) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video o_UhyybebZE · row o_UhyybebZE

LAION-DISCO-12M

Head 2 Head - Versus Mode

Listed as Tee Lopes – Head 2 Head - Versus Mode (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video pSN6MFvEnTg · row pSN6MFvEnTg

LAION-DISCO-12M

Wildstyle Pistolero - Mirage Saloon Zone Act 1 K Mix

Listed as Tee Lopes – Wildstyle Pistolero - Mirage Saloon Zone Act 1 K Mix (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video pTmvu_OqOVw · row pTmvu_OqOVw

LAION-DISCO-12M

Lava Reef Zone Act 2

Listed as Tee Lopes – Lava Reef Zone Act 2 (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video q6hHVSpUfbM · row q6hHVSpUfbM

LAION-DISCO-12M

Who's the boss? - Hard Boiled Heavies Mischief Scene

Listed as Tee Lopes – Who's the boss? - Hard Boiled Heavies Mischief Scene (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video qApK-_ORSsY · row qApK-_ORSsY

LAION-DISCO-12M

Angel Island Cutscene

Listed as Tee Lopes – Angel Island Cutscene (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video rXcQn5qfp40 · row rXcQn5qfp40

LAION-DISCO-12M

Prime Time - Studiopolis Zone Act 2

Listed as SEGA, Tee Lopes – Prime Time - Studiopolis Zone Act 2 (Sonic The Hedgehog DJ Style “Party”) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video sHHoq2EFRDg · row sHHoq2EFRDg

LAION-DISCO-12M

Rogues Gallery - Mirage Saloon Zone Act 2

Listed as Tee Lopes – Rogues Gallery - Mirage Saloon Zone Act 2 (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video sVYf4gSA7bk · row sVYf4gSA7bk

LAION-DISCO-12M

Welcome To The Station Square Remix (feat. Jun Senoue)

Listed as Tee Lopes – Welcome To The Station Square Remix (feat. Jun Senoue) (Rock 'N' Sonic The Hedgehog: Sessions!) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video seXMhQr3uas · row seXMhQr3uas

LAION-DISCO-12M

Sand Road: Intro Fly-by

Listed as SEGA, Tee Lopes, Jun Senoue – Sand Road: Intro Fly-by (MAXIMUM OVERDRIVE - TEAM SONIC RACING ORIGINAL SOUNDTRACK) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video stZRcqrvfuc · row stZRcqrvfuc

LAION-DISCO-12M

Drowning

Listed as Tee Lopes – Drowning (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video tO8vgSO5YTs · row tO8vgSO5YTs

LAION-DISCO-12M

Discovery - Title Screen

Listed as Tee Lopes – Discovery - Title Screen (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video tZusDsiBh3Y · row tZusDsiBh3Y

LAION-DISCO-12M

Danger on the Dance Floor - Mid-Boss

Listed as Tee Lopes – Danger on the Dance Floor - Mid-Boss (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video wCf3dCnWmTg · row wCf3dCnWmTg

LAION-DISCO-12M

Sand Road: Goal

Listed as SEGA, Tee Lopes, Jun Senoue – Sand Road: Goal (MAXIMUM OVERDRIVE - TEAM SONIC RACING ORIGINAL SOUNDTRACK) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video w_OyvTpEOkM · row w_OyvTpEOkM

LAION-DISCO-12M

Boo's House: Goal

Listed as SEGA, Tee Lopes, Jun Senoue – Boo's House: Goal (MAXIMUM OVERDRIVE - TEAM SONIC RACING ORIGINAL SOUNDTRACK) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video y5hR9WhETiE · row y5hR9WhETiE

LAION-DISCO-12M

Egg Reverie - Egg Reverie Zone

Listed as Tee Lopes – Egg Reverie - Egg Reverie Zone (Sonic Mania Original Sound Track(Selected Edition)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video z4jFUSxcpys · row z4jFUSxcpys

LAION-DISCO-12M

Tee Lopes 2 songs

Probable match by artist name. If this is not you, ignore this section. Artist page on YouTube Music.

Dark World (Zelda)

Listed as Tee Lopes, GameChops – Dark World (Zelda) (Dark World (Zelda)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video VW8SwMnpgRg · row VW8SwMnpgRg

LAION-DISCO-12M

Gerudo Valley (Zelda)

Listed as Tee Lopes, GameChops – Gerudo Valley (Zelda) (Gerudo Valley (Zelda)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video ypS_aZx_DyY · row ypS_aZx_DyY

LAION-DISCO-12M

Tee Lopes 1 songs

Probable match by artist name. If this is not you, ignore this section. Artist page on YouTube Music.

It's a Pizza Party!

Listed as Tee Lopes, Mega Ran – It's a Pizza Party! (Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Shredder's Revenge (Original Game Soundtrack)) · Watch on YouTube

youtube_video bhUwW35NK0A · row bhUwW35NK0A

LAION-DISCO-12M

AudioSet 2 videos, 2 rows

Tee Lopes - sonic 4 "Splash Hill act 1" Remix

Clip 30s to 40s · Open clip on YouTube · Labels: Music

youtube_video HZNoAwMNcaw · row unbalanced_train:HZNoAwMNcaw:30:40

AudioSetunbalanced_train

Tee Lopes - Sonic orginal ''Funky Hill''

Clip 0s to 10s · Open clip on YouTube · Labels: Music, Drum machine

youtube_video huiAO5h5MoM · row unbalanced_train:huiAO5h5MoM:0:10

AudioSetunbalanced_train

What this means

Last reviewed 2026-09-24.

Presence in a public research dataset shows that a clip of your recording was listed by academic or industry researchers as material for building or testing audio models. It does not by itself show which commercial products, if any, used the clip. The legal picture is moving. On 31 July 2026 the Regional Court of Munich I ruled in GEMA's case against Suno (case 42 O 763/25) that reproducing works for training, holding them in a model in retrievable form, and generating similar outputs can each infringe copyright under German and EU law; the judgment is not final and can be appealed. In the United States, Warner Music Group settled its claims against Suno on 25 November 2025 with a licensing deal, while the parallel claims by Universal and Sony were still pending at that point. Since then BMG (12 August 2026) and Believe/TuneCore (8 September 2026) have signed opt-in licensing deals with Suno.

What you can do

3 routes. None is a guarantee.

UK, PRS members. Send PRS for Music your report and ask what collective or licensing route covers your works.
- PRS for Music and Artificial Intelligence, Version 1 (October 2025), 2025-10-01
- PRS for Music: AI and music copyright, 2026-09-24
Germany, GEMA members. GEMA won a first-instance ruling against Suno on 31 July 2026 and has a licensing model. Ask how they apply to your repertoire.
- GEMA: Suno AI and OpenAI, GEMA sues for fair compensation, 2025-01-21
- DLA Piper: GEMA v Suno, Munich Regional Court judgment of 31 July 2026, 2026-08-28
- Music Business Worldwide: Germany's GEMA launches AI Charter, 2024-11-05
Signed to Warner, BMG or Believe/TuneCore. Each has an opt-in licensing deal with Suno. Ask your label what opting in or out means for you and whether any settlement money reaches artists.
- Music Business Worldwide: Warner Music Group settles with Suno, 2025-11-25
- Music Ally: Suno signs another music licensing deal, with BMG, 2026-08-12
- Music Business Worldwide: Suno inks global deal with Believe, 2026-09-08

Keep a copy

Download the evidence (PDF) JSON Check another name

Share this page https://youtrained.com/r/tee-lopes-yt_UC3Va-8NnzTuV-Yv-JlyuQsQ

Provenance

JSON export SHA-256 fd4c295b108b232f4eaeda3e73dbf83b521243e75fb98522d5601697be99669e

Dataset versions indexed

Dataset	File	Rows	Loaded	SHA-256
audioset	balanced_train_segments.csv	8,836	2026-09-24T10:30:36+00:00	`3b83e5ff9ed72cfd…`
audioset	eval_segments.csv	7,848	2026-09-24T10:30:36+00:00	`f7055f53935f70e7…`
audioset	unbalanced_train_segments.csv	1,063,333	2026-09-24T10:30:43+00:00	`bb2dfd5e4f1ced39…`
laion_disco_12m	train-00000-of-00005.parquet	2,464,184	2026-09-24T12:18:19+00:00	`f8b1f0034f8f1e94…`
laion_disco_12m	train-00001-of-00005.parquet	2,464,183	2026-09-24T12:32:29+00:00	`71d78ad14ee3f85d…`
laion_disco_12m	train-00002-of-00005.parquet	2,464,183	2026-09-24T12:49:06+00:00	`0feba570a0e8e73c…`
laion_disco_12m	train-00003-of-00005.parquet	2,464,183	2026-09-24T13:06:37+00:00	`21a77d99fd85ad2f…`
laion_disco_12m	train-00004-of-00005.parquet	2,464,183	2026-09-24T13:24:36+00:00	`6ac5f59958b6b813…`
musiccaps	musiccaps-public.csv	5,521	2026-09-24T10:29:42+00:00	`8cc109ac507b5e5a…`

These pages report where identifiers from public research datasets point. Presence in a dataset is a fact about the dataset, not a claim about the channel or artist, and says nothing about what any company did with the material. This report is informational and is not legal advice. It shows that identifiers matching your work are present in the named public research datasets; it does not establish how any particular company used them. If you are the subject of this page and want it removed, see removals.